Timeline
Glossary









© Kinloss Abbey Trust, 2008
Charity Number: SC034263



YEAR
MONARCH
BRITAIN
KINLOSS ABBEY
1124
David I
1147- 49
2nd Crusade.
1150
King David I founds Kinloss Abbey.
1151
1st Abbot, Anselm and monks occupy the Abbey.
1153
Malcolm IV
1165
William I
1174
Reinerius made 2nd Abbot.
Papal Bull issued by Pope Alexander III confirming the Abbey.
1187
Richard, Bishop of Moray, takes Abbot and monks under his protection.
1188
Reinerius becomes Abbot of Melrose Abbey.
Radulphus made 3rd Abbot.
1190-93
Third Crusade.
1194
Radulphus becomes Abbot of Melrose Abbey.
Ralph made 4th Abbot.
1202-04
Fourth Crusade.
1214
Alexander II
General Chapter of the Prelates of the Cistercian Order held at Kinloss.
1215
Magna Carta.
1217
Monks sent from Kinloss to found Culross Abbey.
1218
Fifth Crusade.
Richard made 5th Abbot.
1219
Monks sent from Kinloss to found Deir Abbey.
1241
Herbertus made 6th Abbot.
1249
Alexander III
1251
Henry made 7th Abbot.
Thomas made 8th Abbot.
1258
Symon made 9th Abbot.
1269
Richard made 10th Abbot.
Abbey partly destroyed by fire.
1274
Andrew made 11th Abbot.
Thomas made 12th Abbot.
1286
Margaret
1292
John Balliol
1297
Battle of Stirling Bridge.
1298
Battle of Falkirk.
1303
Edward I "hammer of the Scots" camped at Kinloss Abbey for approx. 3 weeks.
1305
Wallace 'Brave Heart' executed.
1306
Robert I
1312
Robert I (The Bruce) granted Abbey the fishing rights to the Findhorn.
1314
Battle of Bannockburn
1321
Adam made 13th Abbot.
1328
Abbey receives more land in Inverness, Forres, Elgin and Aberdeen.
1329
David II
1336
Edward III stayed at the Abbey whilst rescuing the besieged Countess Atholl from Lochindorb Castle.
1340-1453
Hundred Years' War
1348-9
Black Death
1362
Richard made 14th Abbot.
Earl of Sutherland bestows upon the Abbey the Hospital and lands of John the Baptist of Hebnisden.
1370
Charter from David II gives Abbey land at Aberdeen.
1371
Robert II
Adam of Teras made 15th Abbot.
1390
Robert III
1395
Construction starts on Abbots Hall.
Abbacy granted Mitre with seat in Parliament.
1400
Stories of strange scandals start spreading and accounts of immoral lives of the Abbot and the monks were beginning to give cause for concern in Rome and Citeaux.
1401
William Blair, LL.D made 16th Abbot.
1406
James I
1430
John Flutere made 17th Abbot.
1437
James II
1440
Scandal still rife within Abbey, Abbot John degraded from post.
John Ellem made 18th Abbot. He bought many gifts for the Abbey and commenced repairs to the fabric of the monastery including the planning of a Bell Tower to stand above the choir of the church.
1455-1485
War of the Roses
1460
James III
1467
James Guthry made 19th Abbot.
1470
Bell Tower completed and spire mounted above.
1482
William Galbraith made 20th Abbot. The first Abbot to send for Papal Bulls to confirm Office. Was kidnapped by Baron Kilravock and rescued by the Sheriff of Moray, Sir James Dunbar.
1488
James IV
1491
William Culross made 21st Abbot.
1492
Monk William Butler committed murder by striking a young boy in a fit of anger and killing him in the cloister. Butler sent to Rome under escort of another monk to receive punishment from the Pope. Letters of absolution received by the Abbey but neither monk was seen again.
1504
Thomas Chrystall made 22nd Abbot. There were only 14 monks at the Abbey and were recorded to be lax in their duties and immoral.
1513
James V
1515
John Gordon, eldest son of Earl of Huntley, broke into the Abbey and committed theft.
1520
Abbot Thomas acquired new silver and vestments for the Abbey and corrected the monks errors. He spent much of his office putting right all that had deteriorated over the previous 100 years. He sent many monks away to be properly educated and introduced 12 new monks to the Abbey.
1528
Great damage is caused to the Abbey when it is inundated by flood.
1531
Robert Reid made 23rd Abbot, probably the Abbey's most prolific and successful Abbot. He brought with him the historian and educator John Ferrerius.
Reid made commendator of Beauly Priory in Ross-shire.
1535
Abbot Reid goes to France to discuss with Francis I marriage of James V.
1536-9
Dissolution of Monasteries in England and Wales.
1537
Ferrerius returns to Rome.
1538
Spacious fireproof library erected.
1539
Artist Andrew Bairtrum employed by Reid to create various works around the Abbey.
1540
Reid employs William Lubias, skilled gardener from Dieppe, to rebuild the Abbey Gardens. He introduced 123 varieties of pear and 146 varieties of apple into the Moray area. Lubias was also a skilled surgeon.
1541
Abbot Reid made Bishop of Orkney.
1542
Mary
Reformation begins in Scotland.
Reid sent the Henry VIII to arbitrate over disputed lands between the kingdoms.
1551
Abbot Reid is one of the commissioners that arranges peace between England and Scotland.
1553
Walter Reid (Roberts nephew) made 24th and last Abbot.
1558
Robert Reid dies in Dieppe returning from the marriage of the Dauphin of France to Queen Mary Stuart. He is buried in the Chapel of St. Andrew, St. James Church in Dieppe.
1560
Abbot Walter Reid signed the first Reformation Covenant which constituted the Reformation of Parliament. This abrogated Catholicism and Protestantism was made the religion of the land. As a result of this action Walter Reid secured all the lands and wealth of the Abbey for himself and took a wife.
1562
Mary Queen of Scots stays at the Abbey.
1564
William Shakespeare born.
1566
Walter Reid starts to give away land formally held by the Abbey.
1567
James VI
(James I of England 1603)
1571
Reid releases the land and possessions of Beauly Priory.
1574
Steeple and Bell Tower collapses and roof gives way.
1581
With money left in Robert Reid's Will, the Kirk of the Field is purchased in Edinburgh and the first buildings of the University are erected.
1585
Reid disposes of all the land immediately around the Abbey enclave.
1588
Spanish Armada
1589
Walter Reid dies leaving the remaining Abbey property and possessions to his wife.
1601
The Barony of Kinloss and the other lands of the Abbey are raised into temporal Lordship and Barony under the control of Edward Bruce, descendant of Robert Bruce.
1604
Edward Bruce created Master of the Rolls, Lord Bruce of Kinloss.
1605
Gunpowder Plot
1611
Lord Edward Bruce dies, eldest son Edward inherits estate.
1625
Charles I
1633
Thomas, third Lord of Kinloss, inherits the estate.
1637
Scotland forced into rebellion by the religious intolerance of Charles, sees the signing of the Covenant defending the Kirk.
1641-6
English Civil War
1643
Abbey lands and ruins sold to Alexander Brodie of Lethen
1649 - 60
Lord Protectors Britain declared a Commonwealth
1650
Alexander Brodie sells stone from the Abbey Church to Cromwell so he can build the Citadel at Inverness. Since the Reformation the local population had used the Chapter House as their place of worship. The Presbytery of Elgin challenged Brodie for destroying the locals place of worship. As penitence Brodie agrees to build a Parish Church for Kinloss.
1657
Kinloss Parish Church completed.
1658
First Minister James Urquhart appointed.
1660
Charles II Restoration
1662
Citadel in Inverness demolished by order of the Government so finally laying to waste the history of the Cistercian Monastery of Kinloss Abbey.